Core tip: repeated dizziness, is hypertension so simple?
Hypertension refers to the blood flow in the blood vessel wall caused by the pressure value higher than the normal value, it is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, is also an important risk factor leading to stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure and other diseases. Dizziness as one of the most common main symptoms of hypertension, many patients frequently appear after this symptom, it is only attributed to hypertension. In fact, it is not, it is likely that brain infarction is the culprit!
Mr. Zhang, 68 years old, has been suffering from high blood pressure. He will take some hydrochlorothiazide tablets and amlodipine besylate tablets to reduce blood pressure. Recently the dizziness phenomenon is more serious, occasionally feel a little nauseous, no appetite to eat. Two days ago, Uncle Zhang went to the farmer's market to buy vegetables early in the morning. As a result, he fell on the side of the road. Later, those stall owners took him to the hospital in time. After a comprehensive examination, the doctor diagnosed Uncle Zhang with cerebral infarction, which is what we usually call cerebral infarction.
What is cerebral infarction
Cerebral infarction refers to the syndrome of cerebral tissue necrosis and softening caused by cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, resulting in corresponding symptoms of brain function defect, also known as ischemic stroke. The patients may have typical paralysis, hemiplegia and homonymous hemianopia. The main treatment methods are reducing intracranial pressure and thrombolytic therapy. The prognosis of this disease is poor, and the patients may have a variety of sequelae caused by central nervous system abnormalities.
Typical symptoms
Cerebral infarction can lead to subjective symptoms such as headache, vertigo, nausea and vomiting, or neurological and somatic symptoms. Some patients may have dementia, abnormal mental behavior and abnormal gait. Can also be complicated with brain edema, brain hernia and other diseases.
Main causes
Vascular wall lesions
Due to atherosclerosis and thrombosis in the arteries that supply blood to the brain, atherosclerosis leads to stenosis or occlusion of cerebral arteries everywhere. Cerebral artery plaque can also cause obvious stenosis or occlusion of the lumen itself, resulting in the decrease of blood pressure, the slowing down of blood flow velocity and the increase of blood viscosity in the perfusion area, thus resulting in the decrease of blood supply to the local cerebral area or the promotion of local thrombosis and the occurrence of cerebral infarction symptoms. Congenital vascular malformation, vascular wall dysplasia and so on can also cause cerebral infarction.
Abnormal object
Abnormal objects (solid, liquid and gas) enter into cerebral artery or cervical artery supplying cerebral blood circulation along blood circulation, resulting in blood flow blocking or sudden decrease of blood flow, resulting in softening of brain tissue in corresponding control area.
Changes in blood composition
Polycythemia vera, hyperviscosity, high fibrinogen, thrombocytosis, oral contraceptives and so on can cause thrombosis.
other
Cerebral artery dissection caused by drug, trauma and few unknown causes.
therapeutic method
Once the occurrence of cerebral infarction should be actively treated, the treatment principle of acute cerebral infarction is to improve the cerebral circulation, prevent the progress of thrombosis, save the ischemic penumbra, reduce the infarct area, reduce brain edema and prevent complications. At present, the main measures to establish reperfusion are direct surgery or angioplasty and thrombolytic drugs to relieve local stenosis or obstruction. The main surgical methods used are to place stents to maintain vascular patency. It requires long-term treatment.
Cerebral infarction is difficult to completely cure, patients with this disease need long-term medication. The mortality of this disease is about 10%. There will be various sequelae of central nervous system. It is suggested that patients should have regular examination, including physical examination, brain imaging examination, etc. At the same time, more attention should be paid to diet. The daily diet of patients with cerebral infarction should be based on the principle of rich nutrition, easy digestion and light diet. For patients with dysphagia and cough due to drinking water, liquid diet should be given.
